Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Background: Elderly patients are more susceptible to Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and are more likely to develop it in severe forms, (e.g., Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [ARDS]). Prone positioning is a treatment strategy for severe ARDS; however, its response in the elderly population remains poorly understood. The main objective was to evaluate the predictive response and mortality of elderly patients exposed to prone positioning due to ARDS-COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study involved 223 patients aged ≥ 65 years, who received prone position sessions for severe ARDS due to COVID-19, using invasive mechanical ventilation. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio was used to assess the oxygenation response. The 20-point improvement in PaO2/FiO2 after the first prone session was considered for good response. Data were collected from electronic medical records, including demographic data, laboratory/image exams, complications, comorbidities, SAPS III and SOFA scores, use of anticoagulants and vasopressors, ventilator settings, and respiratory system mechanics. Mortality was defined as deaths that occurred until hospital discharge. Results: Most patients were male, with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus as the most prevalent comorbidities. The non-responders group had higher SAPS III and SOFA scores, and a higher incidence of complications. There was no difference in mortality rate. A lower SAPS III score was a predictor of oxygenation response, and the male sex was a risk predictor of mortality. Conclusion: The present study suggests the oxygenation response to prone positioning in elderly patients with severe COVID-19-ARDS correlates with the SAPS III score. Furthermore, the male sex is a risk predictor of mortality.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100180

Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 e Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) associados a Eucalyptus spp.
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Moura, Ana Cristina Torres

; França, Solange Maria de

; Breda, Mariana Oliveira

; Carvalho, Regina Célia Zonta de

; Ferraz, José Claudio Barros

; Silva, Paulo Roberto Ramalho

Ciência Florestal

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Dez 2022, Volume 32 Nº 4 Páginas 2404 - 2418

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The process of producing eucalyptus seedlings hosts a complex of arthropods, which can highlight sucking insects, such as aphids. The aim was to study aphids on seedlings and mini-stumps in a clonal mini-garden of eucalyptus in Brazil, through their identification, studies of population growth and host preference of these insects in different species of eucalyptus. In this study, it is registered, for the first time in Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil, the species Aphis gossypii Glover 1887 and Aphis spiraecola Patch 1914 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Aphid colonies were observed in April and March 2018 infesting Eucalyptus pellita and Eucalyptus brassiana seedlings in the greenhouse of the Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), in Teresina, Piauí; and in a clonal mini-garden of Eucalyptus spp. from the PlantBem seedling production nursery in Monsenhor Gil, Piauí. The population growth of Aphis spiraecola was evaluated using the instantaneous growth rate (ri) in six species of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus pellita, Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus brassiana, Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus tereticornis e Corymbia citriodora), as well as the aphid host preference for these species was tested through a choice test. Only in Corymbia citriodora there was no population growth of Aphis spiraecola. Aphis spiraecola showed less host preference for Corymbia citriodora, while Eucalyptus pellita and Eucalyptus urophylla were the preferred species. This is the first record of Aphis gossypii in a clonal mini-garden of eucalyptus and of Aphis spiraecola in seedlings of Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil.

Resumo No processo de produção de mudas de eucalipto ocorre um complexo de artrópodes, podendo destacar os insetos sugadores, como pulgões. Objetivou-se estudar pulgões em mudas e minicepas em minijardim clonal de eucalipto no Brasil, através de sua identificação, estudos de crescimento populacional e preferência hospedeira desses insetos em diferentes espécies de eucalipto. Neste estudo registra-se, pela primeira vez em Eucalyptus spp. no Brasil, as espécies Aphis gossypii Glover, 1887 e Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Colônias de pulgões foram observadas em abril e março de 2018 infestando mudas de Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell e Eucalyptus brassiana S.T. Blake na casa de vegetação da Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), em Teresina, Piauí; e em minijardim clonal de Eucalyptus spp. do viveiro de produção de mudas PlantBem, em Monsenhor Gil, Piauí. O crescimento populacional de Aphis spiraecola foi avaliado através da utilização da taxa instantânea de crescimento (ri) em seis espécies de eucalipto (Eucalyptus pellita, Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden, Eucalyptus brassiana, Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake, Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith e Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson), assim como foi testada a preferência hospedeira do pulgão por essas espécies através de teste com chance de escolha. Apenas em Corymbia citriodora não houve crescimento populacional de A. spiraecola. Aphis spiraecola demonstrou menor preferência hospedeira por Corymbia citriodora, enquanto as espécies Eucalyptus pellita e Eucalyptus urophylla foram as preferidas. Este é o primeiro registro de Aphis gossypii em minijardim clonal de eucalipto e de Aphis spiraecola em mudas de Eucalyptus spp. no Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509854632

Sustainable nitrogen efficiency in wheat by the dose and mode of supply
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Trautmann, Ana P. B.

; Silva, José A. G. da

; Carvalho, Ivan R.

; Colet, Christiane de F.

; Lucchese, Osório A.

; Basso, Natiane C. F.

; Alessi, Odenis

; Sgarbossa, Jaqueline

; Dias, Jéssica E. L.

; Peter, Cibele L.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Set 2022, Volume 26 Nº 9 Páginas 670 - 679

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O manejo do nitrogênio analisando indicadores agronômicos e ambientais garante produtividade satisfatória com maior qualidade ambiental. O objetivo neste estudo é propor um manejo mais sustentável de uso do nitrogênio em trigo, considerando o fornecimento em dose cheia e fracionada com estimativa da eficiência técnica, econômica e de expectativa de produtividade. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos, um para quantificar a produtividade de biomassa e outro, para avaliação do rendimento de grãos. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições em fatorial 5 × 3, para doses de N-fertilizante (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1) e forma de fornecimento do nutriente [condição cheia (100%) no estádio fenológico V3 (terceira folha expandida); fracionada (70/30%) no estádio fenológico V3/V6 (terceira e sexta folha expandida) e; fracionada (70/30%) no estádio fenológico V3/R1 (início da antese)], respectivamente. O manejo mais sustentável do nitrogênio em trigo é obtido com a dose de expectativa de produtividade de 3 t ha-1 pela adubação manual, com o nutriente fornecido em dose cheia no estádio fenológico V3.

ABSTRACT The management of nitrogen by the assessment of agronomic and environmental indicators ensures satisfactory productivity with higher environmental quality. The objective of this study was to propose more sustainable management of nitrogen use in wheat, considering the supply of full and fractioned doses with an estimate of technical, economic efficiency, and expected productivity. Two experiments were conducted, one to quantify biomass productivity and the other to evaluate grain yield. The experimental design consisted of a randomized block with four repetitions in a 5 × 3 factorial, for N-fertilizer doses (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-1) and nutrient supply form [full condition (100%) in the phenological stage V3 (the third leaf expanded); fractionated (70/30%) in the phenological stage V3/V6 (third and sixth leaf expanded) and; fractionated (70/30%) in the phenological stage V3/R1 (beginning of anthesis)], respectively. The most sustainable management of nitrogen in wheat was obtained with the expected yield rate of 3 t ha-1 by manual fertilization, with nitrogen supplied in full dose at the V3 phenological stage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n9p670-679

Two years of the COVID-19 pandemic: an anesthesiology perspective
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Schmidt, André P.

; Módolo, Norma S.P.

; de Amorim, Célio G.

; Simões, Cláudia M.

; Kraychete, Durval C.

; Joaquim, Eduardo H.G.

; Lineburger, Eric B.

; Papa, Fábio V.

; Fernandes, Fátima C.

; Mendes, Florentino F.

; Guimarães, Gabriel M.N.

; Barros, Guilherme A.M.

; Silva-Jr, João M.

; Lima, Laís H. Navarro e

; Azi, Liana M.T.A.

; Carvalho, Lorena I.M.

; Stefani, Luciana C.

; Garcia, Luis V.

; Carmona, Maria José C.

; Salgado Filho, Marcello F.

; Nascimento Junior, Paulo do

; Alves, Rodrigo L.

; Carvalho, Vanessa H.

; Quintão, Vinicius C.

; Carmona, Maria José C.

Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology

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Abr 2022, Volume 72 Nº 2 Páginas 165 - 168

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2022.02.004

Art and science: impact of semioccluded vocal tract exercises and choral singing on quality of life in subjects with congenital GH deficiency
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Andrade, Bruna M. R. de

; Valença, Eugenia H. O.

; Salvatori, Roberto

; Oliveira Neto, Luiz A.

; Souza, Anita H. O.

; Oliveira, Alaíde H. A.

; Oliveira, Mario C.P.

; Melo, Enaldo V.

; Carvalho, Susana de

; Sales, Neuza J

; Monteiro, Gisane C.

; Lima, José Marcel de

; Annunziato, Marcos Felipe Harder

; Mannis, Guilherme Daniel Breternitz

; Souza, Lucas E. de A.

; Goes, Yasmin D.

; Carvalho, Thayza S.

; Farias, Celiane de

; Santos, Michela P. dos

; Cardoso, Gabriela P. F.

; Sousa, Carla S. Pereira

; Santana, Julia Rodrigues

; Sales, Ester Almeida

; d’Avila, Jeferson Sampaio

; Aguiar-Oliveira, Manuel H.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Abr 2022, Volume 66 Nº 2 Páginas 198 - 205

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objectives: Currently, not much is known about the interactions between voice and growth hormone (GH). We have described large kindred with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) due to a GHRH receptor mutation, resulting in severe short stature and high-pitched voice. These IGHD individuals have little interest in GH treatment, as they consider themselves “short long-lived people”, rather than patients. Interestingly, they report normal general quality of life, but they rate their Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL) as low. Here, we assessed the social and auditory-perceptual impacts of artistic-intervention voice therapy with semioccluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE) and choral singing, on their voices. Material and methods: Seventeen GH-naïve adult IGHD individuals were enrolled in a single-arm interventional pre-post study with 13 weekly sessions of choir singing over 90 days. Outcome measures were V-RQOL scores, self-assessment of voice, and auditory-perceptual analysis (GRBAS scale, G: grade of the severity of dysphonia; R: roughness; B: breathiness; A: asthenia; and S: strain). Results: Marked improvements in total (p = 0.0001), physical (p = 0.0002), and socioemotional (p = 0.0001) V-RQOL scores and in self-assessment of voice (p = 0.004) were found. The general grades of vocal deviation (p = 0.0001), roughness (p = 0.0001), breathiness (p = 0.0001) and strain (p = 0.0001) exhibited accentuated reductions. Conclusions: Voice therapy with semioccluded vocal tract exercises and choral training improved social impact and perceptual voice assessments in IGHD subjects and markedly improved their voice-related quality of life. This is particularly important in a setting where GH replacement therapy is not widely accepted.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000449

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of extract of Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sargent leaves in mice
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MORAES, WEULLER FILHO DE

; SILVA, DAIANY PRISCILLA B. DA

; FLORENTINO, IZIARA F.

; ALMEIDA, DIONYS S.

; MOREIRA, LORRANE KELLE S.

; NASCIMENTO, MARCUS VINÍCIUS M.

; CARVALHO, PABLINNY M.G. DE

; COUTO, RENÊ O. DO

; PAULA, JOSÉ R. DE

; COSTA, ELSON A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20191339

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of crude ethanolic extract of Celtis iguanaea leaves and their active fractions are reported. The oral treatment with crude ethanolic extract (CEE; 100, 300 or 1000 mg/Kg) inhibited the number of writhings in a dose-dependent manner. The intermediate dose also inhibited formalin-induced nociception in both phases. The oral treatment with dichloromethane fraction (DF; 9 mg/Kg) produced antinociceptive effect in both phases of formalin test; however, the treatment with ethyl acetate fraction (EAF; 16 mg/Kg) reduced pain only in the second phase of this test. The oral treatments with CEE (300 mg/Kg) or DF (9 mg/Kg) reduced the nociception induced by capsaicin and pre-treatment with naloxone did not change these effects. The oral administration of CEE (300 mg/Kg), DF (9 mg/Kg) or ethyl EAF (16 mg/Kg) reduced ear edema, leukocytes migration and myeloperoxidase activity. Furthermore, the oral treatment with CEE (300 mg/Kg) or EAF (16 mg/Kg) reduced the level of Tumor Necrosis Factor - Alpha (TNF-α) in the pleurisy test. In conclusion, the DF showed antinociceptive activity that involves the vanilloid system as well as anti-inflammatory effect and the EAF showed anti-inflammatory activity involving the reduction of TNF-α cytokine.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220191339

Risk factors of transplant renal artery stenosis in kidney transplant recipients
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Kanhouche, Gabriel

; Santos, Gustavo Rocha Feitosa

; Orellana, Henry Campos

; Galhardo, Attilio

; Faccinetto, Ana Carolina Buso

; Barteczko, Manoela Linhares Machado

; Carvalho, Luiz Sérgio F. de

; Taddeo, Julia Bernardi

; Foresto, Renato Demarchi

; Moises, Valdir Ambrósio

; Tedesco-Silva, Helio

; Pestana, José Medina

; Barbosa, Adriano Henrique Pereira

Clinics

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2022, Volume 77 elocation 100087

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis (TRAS) is a recognized vascular complication after kidney transplantation. The overall risk predictors of TRAS are poorly understood. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients with suspected TRAS (Doppler ultrasound PSV > 200 cm/s) who underwent angiographic study in a single center between 2007 and 2014. All patients with stenosis > 50% were considered with TRAS. Stenosis restricted in the body of the artery was also analyzed in a subgroup. Results: 274 patients were submitted to a renal angiography and 166 confirmed TRAS. TRAS group featured an older population (46.3 ± 11.0 vs. 40.9 ±14.2 years; p = 0.001), more frequent hypertensive nephropathy (30.1% vs. 15.7%; p = 0.01), higher incidence of Delayed Graft Function (DGF) (52.0% vs. 25.6%; p < 0.001) and longer Cold Ischemia Time (CIT) (21.5 ± 10.6 vs. 15.7 ± 12.9h; p < 0.001). In multivariable analyses, DGF (OR = 3.31; 95% CI 1.78-6.30; p < 0.0001) was independent risk factors for TRAS. DM and CIT showed a tendency towards TRAS. The compound discriminatory capacity of the multivariable model (AUC = 0.775; 95% CI 0.718-0.831) is significantly higher than systolic blood pressure and creatinine alone (AUC = 0.62; 95% CI 0.558-0.661). In body artery stenosis subgroup, DGF (OR = 1.86; 95% CI 1.04-3.36; p = 0.03) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (OR = 2.44; 95% CI 1.31-4.60; p = 0.005) were independent risk factors for TRAS. Conclusion: In our transplant population, DGF increased more than 3-fold the risk of TRAS. In the subgroup analysis, both DGF and DM increases the risk of body artery stenosis. The addition of other factors to hypertension and renal dysfunction may increase diagnostic accuracy.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100087

Cordyceps cateniannulata and Cordyceps javanica: first report of pathogenicity to Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae)
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DOMINGUES, MAURÍCIO M.

; SANTOS, PAULA L.

; GÊA, BIANCA C.C.

; CARVALHO, VANESSA R.

; OLIVEIRA, FABRICIO N.

; SOLIMAN, EVERTON P.

; PEREIRA, FABRICIO F.

; ZANUNCIO, JOSÉ C.

; WILCKEN, CARLOS F.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20211566

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cultivation of species of the genus Eucalyptus is important for the Brazilian economy, with 6.97 million hectares planted. Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), detected in Brazil in 2003, has dispersed and now damages Eucalyptus crops in all regions of this country. The location and identification of entomopathogenic fungi isolates may increase the options for integrated pest management. The objective of this research was to evaluate the pathogenicity of Cordyceps cateniannulata and Cordyceps javanica isolates to G. brimblecombei. Ten nymphs of G. brimblecombei, with or without lerps, were placed per Eucalyptus leaf cut with one of its edges on hydroretentive gel inside Petri dishes. The fungi isolates were suspended in a solution of Tween 80 (0.1%) at the concentration of 1.0 x 108 conidia mL-1 and sprayed on the G. brimblecombei nymphs. The mortality of this insect was evaluated daily for seven days, and the dead individuals were transferred to humid chambers. The conidia viability of the isolates was greater than 93%. The mortality of G. brimblecombei nymphs, seven days after the application of the fungi, was 100%. This is the first report of the pathogenicity of C. cateniannulata and C. javanica isolates, occurring naturally in the field, to G. brimblecombei.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211566

Diretriz de Miocardites da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia – 2022
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Montera, Marcelo Westerlund

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G.

; Simões, Marcus Vinícius

; Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski

; Fernandes, Fabio

; Mangine, Sandrigo

; Oliveira Júnior, Amarino Carvalho de

; Souza, Aurea Lucia Alves de Azevedo Grippa de

; Ianni, Bárbara Maria

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Mesquita, Claudio Tinoco

; de Azevedo Filho, Clerio F.

; Freitas, Dhayn Cassi de Almeida

; Melo, Dirceu Thiago Pessoa de

; Bocchi, Edimar Alcides

; Horowitz, Estela Suzana Kleiman

; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

; Oliveira, Guilherme H.

; Villacorta, Humberto

; Rossi Neto, João Manoel

; Barbosa, João Marcos Bemfica

; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de

; Luiz, Louise Freire

; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão

; Beck-da-Silva, Luis

; Campos, Luiz Antonio de Almeida

; Danzmann, Luiz Cláudio

; Bittencourt, Marcelo Imbroinise

; Garcia, Marcelo Iorio

; Avila, Monica Samuel

; Clausell, Nadine Oliveira

; Oliveira Jr, Nilson Araujo de

; Silvestre, Odilson Marcos

; Souza, Olga Ferreira de

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

; Kalil Filho, Roberto

; Al-Kindi, Sadeer G.

; Rassi, Salvador

; Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins

; Ferreira, Silvia Moreira Ayub

; Rizk, Stéphanie Itala

; Mattos, Tiago Azevedo Costa

; Barzilai, Vitor

; Martins, Wolney de Andrade

; Schultheiss, Heinz-Peter

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2022, Volume 119 Nº 1 Páginas 143 - 211

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220412

10.

Aquatic pollutants are associated with reproductive alterations and genotoxicity in estuarine fish (Sciades herzbergii - Bloch, 1794) from the Amazon Equatorial Coast
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Noleto, K. S.

; Mendes, D. C. S.

; Carvalho, I. F. S.

; Ribeiro, D. L. S.

; Santos, D. M. S.

; Ferreira, A. P. M.

; Marques, A. L. B.

; Carvalho Neta, R. N. F.

; Tchaicka, L.

; Torres Júnior, J. R. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e267996

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os estuários estão constantemente sujeitos a impactos ambientais de atividades antropogênicas, como pesca, movimentação portuária, indústria ou esgoto doméstico, onde os peixes são um dos animais aquáticos mais atingidos, sendo capazes de refletir os impactos diretamente em seu organismo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar o biomonitoramento de um estuário da Costa Equatorial Amazônica por meio de análises de PAHs (Hidrocarboneto Policiclico Aromáticos) na água, além de metais traços, alterações histopatológicas e análises de micronúcleos eritrocitários em Sciades herzbergii.. O S. herzbergii foi utilizado como espécie modelo, devido seu comportamento estuarino residente. Amostras de gônadas e brânquias foram submetidas a avaliações histopatológicas. A quantificação de metais traços foi realizada em amostras de músculos esqueléticos dos animais coletados, onde foram encontrados teores de Chumbo (Pb), Cobre (Cu), Zinco (Zn), Cádmio (Cd), Magnésio (Mg), Ferro (Fe) e Alumínio (AL), e foram encontradas em concentrações acima dos limites recomendados, à exceção do Cádmio (Cd). A análise dos PAHs revelou a presença de Naftaleno e Acenafteno nas amostras de água. Análises histopatológicas e genotóxicas revelaram lesões em 100% dos espécimes estudados, resultados estes, potencialmente associados à presença de PAH e de metais traços, tanto na água quanto nos tecidos animais, comprovando um cenário geral de contaminação ambiental implicando diretamente em risco à saúde e sobrevivência da biota local. Esse estudo mostra a relevância do biomonitoramento contínuo dos ecossistemas estuarinos, afim de nortear autoridades no manejo de efluentes e assegurar o desenvolvimento evolutivo de espécies estuarinas, sobretudo dos peixes de importância na culinária regional, diretamente relacionados à segurança alimentar humana.

Abstract Estuaries are constantly subject to continuous environmental impacts of human activities, such as fisheries, port or industry, and domestic sewage, with fish being one of the most affected aquatic animals, reflecting the impacts directly on their bodies. Thus, the aim of this study was to carry out the biomonitoring of an estuary located on the Amazonian Equatorial Coast through analysis of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in the water, in addition to trace metals, histopathological alterations and analysis of erythrocyte micronuclei in Sciades herzbergii. S. herzbergii was used as a model species, due to its estuarine-resident behavior. Gonad and gill samples were subjected to histopathological evaluations. The quantification of trace metals was performed in samples of skeletal muscles of the animals collected, where concentrations of Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Magnesium (Mg), Iron (Fe) and Aluminum (Al) were found. Except for Cadmium (Cd), all the concentrations were above the recommended limits. The PAHs analysis revealed the presence of Naphthalene and Acenaphthene in the water samples Histopathological and genotoxic analyses revealed of lesions in 100% of the study specimens. Thus, the histological and genotoxic alterations found in 100% of S. herzbergii specimens captured in São José Bay-MA are potentially associated with PAH concentrations present in the water. These results are potentially associated with the presence of PAH and trace metals, both in water and in animal tissues, inferring a general scenario of environmental contamination which directly implies a risk to the health and survival of the local biota. This study shows the relevance of continuous biomonitoring of estuarine ecosystems, in order to guide authorities regarding sewage management and ensure the evolutionary development of estuarine species, especially fishes of importance in the local cuisine, therefore related to human food security.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.267996

11.

A Gas Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Inorganic Gases and Light Hydrocarbons Generated in Thermochemical Processes
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Silva, Valdislaine M.

; Pessoa Filho, José S.

; Sousa, Raquel M. F.

; Carvalho, Solidônio R.

; Borges, Valério L.

; Ferreira, Cassius R. N.

; Starling, Maria Clara V. M.

; Trovó, Alam G.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jun 2021, Volume 32 Nº 6 Páginas 1143 - 1150

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This paper reports a method for simultaneous determination of H2, O2, N2, CO, CO2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H4 (propadiene and propyne), C3H6, C3H8 and C4H10 (n-butane and isobutane) by gas chromatography using thermal conductivity and flame ionization detectors. A single porous layer open tubular column (0.53 mm internal diameter ? 30 m length ? 30 µm thick) was applied and no catalytic converter was needed to convert CO and CO2 into CH4 to enable identification by a flame ionization detector. The most appropriate chromatographic conditions were defined for the method and it was validated according to the recommendations of the National Health Surveillance Agency and the National Institute of Metrology, Standardization and Industrial Quality. Chromatographic conditions defined for the target gases presented satisfactory linearity (r > 0.99), and limits of detection ranged between 0.0916 and 2.75 ppm. High accuracy (98-101%) obtained for the gas chromatography/thermal conductivity detector/flame ionization detector method associated to low relative standard deviation (?λτ; 2%) confirmed its applicability in routine quantification of target gases formed during the pyrolysis of municipal refuse-derived fuel.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210015 114 downloads

12.

Management of thyroid disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak: a position statement from the Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM)
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Martins, João Roberto M.

; Villagelin, Danilo G. P.

; Carvalho, Gisah A.

; Vaisman, Fernanda

; Teixeira, Patrícia F. S.

; Scheffel, Rafael S.

; Sgarbi, José A.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Jun 2021, Volume 65 Nº 3 Páginas 368 - 375

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This position statement was prepared to guide endocrinologists on the best approach to managing thyroid disorders during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The most frequent thyroid hormonal findings in patients with COVID-19, particularly in individuals with severe disease, are similar to those present in the non-thyroidal illness syndrome and require no intervention. Subacute thyroiditis has also been reported during COVID-19 infection. Diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism during the COVID-19 pandemic may follow usual practice; however, should avoid frequent laboratory tests in patients with previous controlled disease. Well-controlled hypo and hyperthyroidism are not associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection or severity. Newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism during the pandemic should be preferably treated with antithyroid drugs (ATDs), bearing in mind the possibility of rare side effects with these medications, particularly agranulocytosis, which requires immediate intervention. Definitive treatment of hyperthyroidism (radioiodine therapy or surgery) may be considered in those cases that protective protocols can be followed to avoid COVID-19 contamination or once the pandemic is over. In patients with moderate Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) not at risk of visual loss, glucocorticoids at immunosuppressive doses should be avoided, while in those with severe GO without COVID-19 and at risk of vision loss, intravenous glucocorticoid is the therapeutic choice. Considering that most of the thyroid cancer cases are low risk and associated with an excellent prognosis, surgical procedures could and should be postponed safely during the pandemic period. Additionally, when indicated, radioiodine therapy could also be safely postponed as long as it is possible.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000352 651 downloads

13.

Efficiency of nitrogen use by wheat depending on genotype and previous crop
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Kraisig, Adriana R.

; Silva, José A. G. da

; Pereira, Laura M.

; Carbonera, Roberto

; Carvalho, Ivan R.

; Basso, Natiane C. F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Abr 2021, Volume 25 Nº 4 Páginas 235 - 242

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A eficiência de uso do nitrogênio pela cultura do trigo depende de estímulos genéticos e ambientais. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do uso do nitrogênio pela cultura do trigo, através dos indicadores de biomassa, produtividade e qualidade dos grãos, em função do genótipo e da safra anterior, em sistemas de cultivo do cereal no sul do Brasil. Os experimentos foram conduzidos nos sistemas soja/trigo e milho/trigo nos anos de 2015, 2016 e 2017, em Augusto Pestana, RS, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, seguindo o esquema fatorial 5 × 4, referente a cinco cultivares de trigo (Quartzo, TBIO Sinuelo, TBIO Sintonia, TEC 10 e TEC Vigore) e quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha-1) aplicadas em cobertura em estádio fenológico de terceira folha expandida, estádio 13. Existem diferenças genéticas de uso do nitrogênio sobre a elaboração da produtividade e qualidade química de grãos de trigo, com influência dos sistemas de cultivo de alta e reduzida relação carbono/nitrogênio, comumente empregado no sul do Brasil. A maior eficiência de uso do nitrogênio na expressão da produtividade de grãos de trigo é obtida com as cultivares Quartzo e TBIO Sinuelo. Além disso, com a TBIO Sinuelo de maior contribuição na expressão de palha e a Quartzo na concentração de proteína dos grãos, na dose de nitrogênio para expectativa de 3 Mg ha-1, independente do sistema de sucessão, na análise conjunta dos anos agrícolas.

ABSTRACT The efficiency of nitrogen use by wheat crop depends on genetic and environmental stimuli. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of nitrogen use by wheat crop, through biomass, productivity and grain quality indicators, as a function of the genotype and previous harvest, in Southern Brazil cereal cultivation systems. The experiments were conducted in soybean/wheat and maize/wheat systems during 2015, 2016, and 2017 in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with four repetitions, following a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, referring to five wheat cultivars (Quartzo, TBIO Sinuelo, TBIO Sintonia, TEC 10 and TEC Vigore) and four nitrogen doses (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) applied as a topdressing during the phenological stage of the expanded third leaf, stage 13. There were genetic differences in nitrogen use efficiency, for the productivity (yield and biomass) and quality of wheat. However, these genetic differences were influenced by the carbon:nitrogen ratios of the previous crop. Quartzo and TBIO Sinuelo had the greatest nitrogen use efficiency for grain yield, TBIO Sinuelo had the greatest nitrogen use efficiency for biomass production and Quartzo had the greatest nitrogen use efficiency for grain quality with expectation of 3 Mg ha-1, regardless of the succession system, in the joint analysis of agricultural years.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n4p235-242 357 downloads

14.

Implications for Clinical Practice from a Multicenter Survey of Heart Failure Management Centers
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Bocchi, Edimar Alcides

; Moreira, Henrique Turin

; Nakamuta, Juliana Sanajotti

; Simões, Marcus Vinicius

; Casas, Alberto de Almeida Las

; Costa, Altamiro Reis da

; Assis, Amberson Vieira de

; Durães, André Rodrigues

; Pereira-Barretto, Antonio Carlos

; Ravessa, Antonio Delduque de Araujo

; Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli

; Biselli, Bruno

; Pinto, Carolina Maria Nogueira

; Filho, Conrado Roberto Hoffmann

; Costantini, Costantino Roberto

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Santos Jr, Edval Gomes dos

; Soliva Junior, Erwin

; Figueiredo, Estevão Lanna

; Albuquerque, Felipe Neves de

; Paulitsch, Felipe

; Neuenschwander, Fernando Carvalho

; Figueiredo Neto, José Albuquerque de

; Brito, Flavio de Souza

; Lopes, Heno Ferreira

; Villacorta, Humberto

; Souza Neto, João David de

; Sepulveda, João Mariano

; Ayoub, José Carlos Aidar

; Vilela-Martin, José F.

; Cardoso, Juliano Novaes

; Uemura, Laercio

; Moura, Lidia Zytynski

; Maia, Lilia Nigro

; Oliveira, Lucia Brandão de

; Maia, Lucimir

; Silva, Luís Beck da

; Gowdak, Luís Henrique Wolff

; Danzmann, Luiz Claudio

; Andrade, Marcus

; Braile-Sternieri, Maria Christiane Valeria Braga

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; França Neto, Olimpio R

; Filho, Otavio Rizzi Coelho

; Esteves, Paulo Frederico

; Raupp-da-Rosa, Priscila

; Silva, Ricardo Jorge de Queiroz e

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

; Viégas, Ruy Felipe Melo

; Rassi, Salvador

; Mangili, Sandrigo

; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel

; Martins, Silvia Marinho

; Kawabata, Vitor Sergio

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e1991

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: This observational, cross-sectional study based aimed to test whether heart failure (HF)-disease management program (DMP) components are influencing care and clinical decision-making in Brazil. METHODS: The survey respondents were cardiologists recommended by experts in the field and invited to participate in the survey via printed form or email. The survey consisted of 29 questions addressing site demographics, public versus private infrastructure, HF baseline data of patients, clinical management of HF, performance indicators, and perceptions about HF treatment. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 98 centers (58% public and 42% private practice) distributed across Brazil. Public HF-DMPs compared to private HF-DMP were associated with a higher percentage of HF-DMP-dedicated services (79% vs 24%; OR: 12, 95% CI: 94-34), multidisciplinary HF (MHF)-DMP [84% vs 65%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-8), HF educational programs (49% vs 18%; OR: 4; 95% CI: 1-2), written instructions before hospital discharge (83% vs 76%; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0-5), rehabilitation (69% vs 39%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), monitoring (44% vs 29%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-5), guideline-directed medical therapy-HF use (94% vs 85%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15), and less B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) dosage (73% vs 88%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), and key performance indicators (37% vs 60%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-7). In comparison to non- MHF-DMP, MHF-DMP was associated with more educational initiatives (42% vs 6%; OR: 12; 95% CI: 1-97), written instructions (83% vs 68%; OR: 2: 95% CI: 1-7), rehabilitation (69% vs 17%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 3-44), monitoring (47% vs 6%; OR: 14; 95% CI: 2-115), GDMT-HF (92% vs 83%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15). In addition, there were less use of BNP as a biomarker (70% vs 84%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-8) and key performance indicators (35% vs 51%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 91,6) in the non-MHF group. Physicians considered changing or introducing new medications mostly when patients were hospitalized or when observing worsening disease and/or symptoms. Adherence to drug treatment and non-drug treatment factors were the greatest medical problems associated with HF treatment. CONCLUSION: HF-DMPs are highly heterogeneous. New strategies for HF care should consider the present study highlights and clinical decision-making processes to improve HF patient care.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e1991 870 downloads

15.

SnO2/ZnO Heterostructure as an Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells
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Albuquerque, Diego Aparecido Carvalho

; Ramos, Raul

; Ireno, Caio Eduardo do Prado

; Martins, Everson

; Durrant, Steven F.

; Bortoleto, José Roberto Ribeiro

Materials Research

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e20210050

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This work reports a study of the room-temperature synthesis of a SnO2/ZnO bilayer by magnetron sputtering. Morphological, optical, and electrical properties of the bilayer were investigated for different thicknesses of SnO2. Morphology was studied using profilometry and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The optical transmittances of the ZnO films and of the SnO2/ZnO combination were high (about 80%) in the visible, and the SnO2 film did not alter the optical properties of the ZnO, which would act as a transparent contact electrode in a perovskite solar cell.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0050 77 downloads

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